Index

A
Abelia grandiflora, 159
Abies procera (Noble fir), 6
Acer circinatum (vine maple), 6, 46, 149
Acer griseum (paperbark maple), 121
Achillea (yarrow), 92, 115
Acorus calamus (sweet flag), 137
Actinidia (kiwi vine), 57
Aesthetics: challenges to, 2-3, 75-76, 98; flow, 60, 70, 103, 105; of small gardens, 98; of waterwise gardens, 75-76, 81
Ajuga (bugleweed or burgundy lace), 36, 159
Albizia julibrissin (silk tree), 121
Alcea (hollyhock), 39
Alchemilla mollis (lady's mantle), 80
Alder, red (Alnus rubra), 46
Allium, 116
Alnus rubra (red alder), 46
Alyssum, 87
Amelanchier (serviceberry), 7, 23, 34
Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (blueberry climber), 57
Amphibians, attracting into gardens, 51
Ancient Chinese gardens, 160
Ancient Egyptian gardens, 30, 160
Anemone, bush (Carpenteria californica), 85
Angelica, Japanese (Aralia elata), 121
Animals. See names of specific animals; wildlife
Aphids, controlling, 180
Aponogeton distachyus (water hawthorn), 137
Apothecary's rose (Rosa gallica oficialis), 174
Aquilegia (columbine), 34, 35, 38
Arabis (rockcress), 38
Aralia elata (Japanese angelica tree), 121
Arbors: entrances and exits, 69; grapes on, 58-60; materials used for, 69; photographs of, 55, 70, 111, 171; roses on, 163, 166, 170; See also Hardscapes
Arbutus menziesii (madrone), 34
Arches, 69. See also Hardscapes
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (kinnikinnick), 24, 34
Arrowhead (Sagittaria), 14, 137
Art (garden), 28, 81, 95, 133, 134-36. See also Hardscapes
Artemisia: in Mediteranean gardens, 116; roses planted near, 168; in sloping gardens, 152, 159; in waterwise gardens, 89, 92
Artemisia absinthium (wormwood), 92
Artemisia ludoiciana, 159
Artemisia stellerana (beach wormwood), 92
Asarum caudatum (wild ginger), 10, 35
Asclepius tuberosa (butterfly weed), 39
Ash, Oregon (Fraxinus latifolia), 15
Aspen, quaking (Populus tremuloides), 15
Associations (between plants), 3, 26-27
Aster, 39
Atmosphere (garden): entrances and exits, 7-11; garden rooms, 103-5, 166; hardscapes, 60, 70-73, 103-5, 108-9, 111, 133, 148-49, 166; mood setting, 5-7, 101-3, 169; of natural gardens, 2; of rose gardens, 169; scene setting, 80, 81, 168; of small gardens, 103-5, 118-19; water features, 123-24, 125, 127, 129, 132, 133, 136
Aubretia, 38
Aucuba japonica, 22, 103
Auricula primroses, 168
Austin, David, 165. See also Roses, David Austin English
Aviaries, 65. See also Birds
Azaleas, 7, 128
Aztec kings, wildlife tamed by, 30
B
Baby's-breath, creeping (Gypsophila repens), 92
Baccharis magellanicus, 85
Bainbridge Island, Washington, 76-81, 106-17, 132-36, 179
Ballota pseudodictamnus, 116
Bamboo, 25, 130
Beach wormwood (Artemisia stellerana), 92
Beard-tongue (Penstemon), 36
Bee balm (Mondarda didyma), 36
Begonia, 36
Bellflower (Campanula), 87
Bellingham, Washington, 53-60
Benches, 27, 70. See also Hardscapes
Berberis, 10, 159
Birdbaths, 46-47, 51, 72. See also Ornaments (garden)
Birdhouses, 174
Birds: attracting, 14-15, 32-37, 170-72; aviaries, 65; food and water needs, 46-47; perches, 47-50; pest control, 178; in wetland gardens, 14-15
Black mondo grass (Ophiopogon planiscapus), 84
Black spot, 173-80, 180
Blue Engelmann spruce, 33
Blue hair grass (Koeleria glauca), 84
Blue Lyme grass (Elymus magellanicus), 84
Blue mist (Caryopteris clandonensis), 92
Bluebeard (Caryopteris incana), 39, 159
Blueberries, 35, 57
Bog arum (Calla palustris), 137
Bog laurel (Kalmia polifolia), 15
"Borrowing" principle of Japanese garden design, 24-25
Boundaries: garden rooms, 169-71; screens, 57; in small gardens, 25; unobtrusive, 54-60; See also Green architecture
Boxwood, 101, 103, 165
British Columbia: Vancouver, 112-17, 128-31; Vancouver Island, 144-46; Victoria, 165-68
Broom (Genista), 85
Buddleia (butterfly bush), 36, 39, 159
Bugleweed (Ajuga), 36, 159
Bulrush (Scirpus), 14
Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis), 10
Burgundy lace (Ajuga), 36, 159
Bush anemone (Carpenteria californica), 85
Bush morning glory (Convolvulus cneorum), 85
Butterflies: attracting, 38-41, 50-51; life cycles, 50; photographs of, 40, 41
Butterfly bush (Buddleia), 36, 39, 159
Butterfly weed (Asclepius tuberosa), 39
Buxus sempervirens (English boxwood), 101, 103
C
Cabbage, skunk (Lysichitum americanum), 14
Calamagrostis acutiflora (Feather reed grass), 84
California bay laurel (Umbellularia californica), 6
California wax myrtle (Pazistima myrsinites), 7
Calla palustris (bog arum), 137
Caltha palustris (marsh marigold), 137
Camas Gray stone paths, 68-69, 71. See also Camellia, 22
Campanula (bellflower), 87, 168
Candytuft (Iberis), 38, 87, 159
Carex (sedge), 14, 35, 84
Carpenteria californica (bush anemone), 85
Caryopteris, 39, 92, 159
Cascade mountains compared to Hida mountains (Japan), 60-61
Cascade Oregon grape (Berberis nervosa), 10
Catmint (Nepeta fassenii), 89, 92
Cattail (Typha latifolia), 14
Ceanothus (wild lilac), 85, 92
Cedars, 6, 11, 20, 29
Cercidiphyllum japonicum, 23
Cercis chinensis (Chinese redbud), 121
Chamaecyparis: in Mediterranean gardens, 113; in woodland gardens, 6, 22
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, 6, 113, 115-16
Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (Yellow cedar), 6
Charbaghs (water channels), 123. See also Water features
Charlemagne, wildlife at Aix-la-Chapelle, 30
The Charm of Old Roses, 166
Cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus), 85
Chinese emperors, wildlife tamed by, 30
Chinese gardens, 123, 160
Chinese redbud (Cercis chinensis), 121
Chinese wisteria (Wisteria sinensis), 103-4
Chinese witch hazel (Hamamelis mollis), 122
Choisya ternata (Mexican orange), 103
Cistus (rockrose), 85, 92, 159
Clematis: attracting butterflies using, 38, 39; blooming period, 168; covering hardscapes, 57; roses planted near, 168
Coast Mountains (British Columbia), 112
Columbine (Aquilegia), 34, 35, 38
Coneflower, purple (Echinacea purpurea), 36, 39
Consolida ambigua (larkspur), 87
Container gardening, 117, 136-39, 164-65
Convolvulus cneorum (bush morning glory), 85
Coral bells (Heuchera sanguinea), 36, 38
Cornus canadensis (Bunchberry), 10
Cornus flaviramea (yellow dogwood), 46
Cornus florida (flowering dogwood), 23
Cornus kousa (fragrant winter hazel), 23
Cornus nuttallii (Pacific or Western dogwood), 6, 34
Cornus stolonifera (red-osier or redtwig dogwood), 7, 15, 34, 35, 46
Cortaderia selloana (pampas grass), 84
Corylopsis pauciflora, 23
Corylus cornuta californica (Western hazel), 6
Cotinus coggygria (smoke tree), 89: photographs of, 94; in sloping gardens, 159; in small gardens, 121; in waterwise gardens, 92
Cotoneaster salicifolius (willowleaf cotoneaster), 103
Creeping baby's-breath (Gypsophila repens), 92
Crocus, 87
Crowfoot, water (anunculus aquatilis), 137
Cryptomeria japonica (Japanese cryptomeria), 22
Cupressocyparis leylandii (Leyland cypress), 20, 25, 103
Cupressus sempervirens (Italian cypress), 101
Currant, flowering (Ribes sanguineum), 1, 34, 34
Currant, red-flowering (Rhododendron occidentale), 7
Curry plant, 81
Cyperus alternifolius (umbrella grass), 137
Cypress, golden hedge, 113
Cypress, Italian (Cupressus sempervirens), 101
Cypress, Lawson (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana), 113, 115-16
Cypress, Leyland (Cupressocyparis leylandii), 20, 25, 103
D
Daphne odora (winter daphne), 22
Daylilies, 115
Deciduous huckleberry, 1, 7, 27
Deciduous shrubs, 22-23
Deciduous trees, 6, 22-23
Decorations. See Ornaments (garden)
Deschampsia caespitosa, 89, 92
Dianthus (pinks), 38, 87
Digitalis (foxglove), 36
Dogwoods: flowering (Cornus florida), 23; pacific (Cornus nuttallii), 6; red-osier (Cornus stolonifera), 7, 15, 34, 35; redtwig (Cornus stolonifera), 46; Western (Cornus nuttallii), 34; yellow (Cornus flaviramea), 46
Douglas, David, 1
Douglas firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii), 1, 3-5, 29, 33. See also Fir
Ducks, 14. See also Birds
Duckweed (Lemna minor), 137
E
Eagles, 14. See also Birds
Echeverias, 115
Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower), 36, 39
Egyptian gardens, 30, 160
Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), 137
Elderberry, 23, 34, 181
Eleagnus, 85
Eleagnus macrophylla (silverberry), 103
Eleocharis palustris (Spikerush), 14
Elymus magellanicus (Blue Lyme grass), 84
English Bay (British Columbia), 112
Enkianthus campanulatus (witch hazel), 23
Entrances and exits (garden), 7-11, 69, 110, 118
Equisetum hyemale (horsetail), 137
Eragrostis curvula, 89, 92
Erica arborea (tree heath), 85
Escallonia, 103
Euonymus, 20
Euphorbia, 80, 81, 115, 116
European plants imported to Northwest, 1
Evergreen conifers, 6
Evergreen hedges, 101
Evergreen huckleberry, 1, 7, 27
Evergreens: as green architecture, 103; in Japanese gardens, 2; in waterwise gardens, 95; in woodland gardens, 6, 22-23
Exotic (non-native) plants, 3, 22-23
Exporting Northwest native plants, 1
F
False Solomon's seal (Smilacena racemosa), 10
Fatsias, 114
Feather grass, 84
Fences: materials used for, 25, 27, 130; picket, 107, 109, 110, 174; See also Hardscapes
Ferns: exporting, 1; near fences, 130; near ponds, 129; photographs of, 24; plant associations, 27; in sloping gardens, 152; in woodland gardens, 24
Fescue (Festuca scoparia), 84
Fig trees, 113
Fillers in waterwise gardens, 87
Fir, Douglas (Pseudotsuga menziesii), 1, 3-5, 29, 33
Fir, grand, 33
Fir, noble (Abies procera), 6
Fish, 14, 42-46, 46
Flag, sweet (Acorus calamus), 137
Flag, yellow (Iris pseudiacorus), 137
Flagstone paths, 27, 68-69. See also Paths
Floribundas, 164
Flow, creating, 103, 105: in small gardens, 98, 105; using hardscapes, 60, 70; using paths, 105
Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida), 23
Foam flower (Tiarella trifoliata), 10
Focal points in gardens, 109, 128-31, 149
Fountains, 114, 125. See also Hardscapes; Water features
Foxglove (Digitalis), 36
Fragaria, 10, 159
Fragrant winter hazel (Cornus kousa), 23
Fraxinus latifolia (Oregon ash), 15
Frogbit (Hydrocharis morsus-ranae), 137
Fruit trees, 83, 84, 113
Fuchsia, 36
G
Garden designs: Chinese influence, 123; formality of, 108, 111; Japanese influence, 2, 24-25; Mediterranean influence, 112-17; Olmsted brothers influence, 128
Garden rooms: atmosphere, 103-5, 166; boundaries, 169-70; designing, 105; green architecture, 169-71; in sloping gardens, 145
Garden settings: country, 54, 55, 58, 59; rural, 60-66, 106-11; second-growth, 60-66; semirural, 67-72; sloping, 141-59; urban, 54-56, 99-105, 112-17; waterside, 42-45, 48-49; wetland, 11, 13, 14, 15-18; woodland, 3-12, 19-26, 28, 46
Garden structures. See Hardscapes
Garden styles: Islamic, 123; Mediterranean, 112-17, 118, 119; small, 24-26, 97-122; Victorian, 165-68; waterwise, 74-97, 156-57, 181
Gardeners as artists, 3-12, 61, 64, 67-68, 124
Gardens: coloring, 103, 113, 115, 120, 168, 170; as creative expression, 3-12, 9, 11, 61, 64, 67-68; focal points in, 109, 128-31, 149; formality, 108, 111, 165-72; maintenance, 128-29, 150; microclimates, 152-53; plant variety, 3, 88; views from, 81; water needs, 74-76, 109, 120
Gardens, rose, 160-81: arbors, 163, 166; atmosphere, 169; birds in, 170-72; formality, 165-72; inspiration for, 166; light needs, 164, 169; maintenance, 164, 169; photographs of, 162, 163, 166, 167, 171; trellises, 163, 166; See also Roses
Gardens, rural, 60-66, 106-11: entrances and exits, 110; hardscapes in, 64-66, 107, 109, 111
Gardens, sloping, 141-59: designing, 144-45, 153-57, 159; disadvantages of, 143, 158; entrances and exits, 118; garden rooms in, 145; hardscapes in, 118, 142, 143, 152, 153, 155; herbs grown on, 144-46; horizontal planes of, 145, 146; Mediterranean style, 152; microclimates, 152-53; photographs of, 114, 115, 118, 119, 142, 143, 146, 147, 150, 151; planes of, 145, 146; planting on, 157, 159; regrading, 145, 148, 153, 154, 156; retaining cloths, 157; stonescapes in, 146, 147, 148-49; water drainage, 154; water features in, 143, 146-49; waterwise gardens, 156-57
Gardens, small, 97-122: advantages of, 97; aesthetics of, 98; atmosphere of, 103-5, 118-19; "borrowing" views, 117; boundaries, 25, 98, 100, 120; container plants, 117; designing, 98, 105, 117, 120; disadvantages, 98, 120; entrances and exits, 110, 118; focal points, 109; garden rooms in, 103; green architecture, 100-101; groundcoverings, 120; hardscapes in, 25, 98, 100, 102, 103, 105, 106-8; integrating views, 117; miniaturizing natural elements, 25-26; photographs of, 98, 99, 102, 103, 106, 107, 110, 111, 114, 115, 118, 119; plant varieties, 98; topiaries, 107, 109; trees in, 120, 121-22; turf, 120; water features, 136-39; woodland gardens, 24-25
Gardens, urban, 99-105, 112-17: cities encroachment, 54-56; entrances and exits, 118; garden rooms, 103; hardscapes in, 102, 103, 105; photographs of, 98, 99, 102, 103, 114, 115, 118, 119
Gardens, waterside, 42-45, 48-49
Gardens, waterwise, 74-97: aesthetics, 75-76, 81; designing, 81, 88, 93; fruit trees and shrubs, 83, 84; grasses, 84, 85-87, 86, 87, 89, 93; groundcovers, 87, 93; hardscapes in, 78-80, 95; history of, 74-75; irrigation, 96; misconceptions, 75-76; mulching, 93; photographs of, 75, 78, 79, 82, 83, 86-87, 90, 91, 94, 95; plants used in, 80-81, 83-87, 89, 92, 93-96, 181; on slopes, 156-57; soil needs, 77, 83, 89, 93; water needs, 80, 81, 93-96
Gardens, woodland: cultivated, 19; designing, 19; exotic plants in, 22-23, 23-24; groundcovers in, 24; hardscapes, 24; natural, 19, 24; photographs of, 20, 21, 25, 28; plants used in, 11, 22-23, 23-24; second growth, 3-12, 20; space needs, 24-26; water features in, 24; wildlife in, 46
Garrya elliptica (Oceanspray), 7
Gaultheria procumbens (wintergreen), 24
Gaultheria shallon (salal or wild strawberry): attracting birds using, 34, 35; exporting, 1; natural plant assocations, 27; in stonescapes, 149; in woodland gardens, 10
Gaura lindheimeri, 92
Genista (broom), 85
Giant miscanthus (Miscanthus floridulus), 84
Ginger, wild (Asarum caudatum), 10, 35
Golden cypress hedge, 113
Golden hops (Humulus lupulus), 57
Golden locusts, 89
Goldenrod (Solidago), 39
Grandifloras, 164
Granite dust, effects on soil, 85
Grape, Cascade Oregon (Berberis nervosa), 10
Grape, Oregon (Mahonia aquifolium), 149
Grape arbors, 58-60
Grass, ornamental: in Mediterranean gardens, 116; in pond settings, 129; in sloping gardens, 152; in waterwise gardens, 84, 86-87, 89
Gravel paths, 152. See also Paths
Green architecture: designing, 54-60; garden rooms, 169-71; plants used for, 25, 103, 164-65, 169-71; in small gardens, 100-101; unobtrusive, 54-60
Greenhouses, 134
Greensand, 85
Groundcovers, 27: evergreens, 95; moss, 29; roses, 164, 170, 178, 181; thyme, 165; turf lawns, 27; in waterwise gardens, 87, 93, 95, 181; in woodland gardens, 10, 24
Gypsophila repens (creeping baby's-breath), 92

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